Нужно знание баз данных (Data storage and ER modeling)

Также я прикрепил книгу с заданиями.Похожие проблемы будут на контрольной работе. Пункты 2 и 3 это то, что нас интересует..

Также кроме problem book я прикрепил 2 файла которые относяться к первой контролькой работе по теме ER-modeling, в этой работе была дана схема, и 43 объекта, которые нужно было распределить в правильные позиции в этой схеме..

Вот условие в текстовом виде, если нужно...

You are interviewing for a job with Magic Yogurt Makers, an enterprise which owns a database that assists in the distribution of their famous and magically nourishing yogurt. 

The ER-diagram of this database is given in the file db.pdf attached here:  db.pdf 

However, your interviewer has erased all the names from the diagram, substituted (unhelpful) numbers in place of names, and challenges you to reconstruct the names from the narrative given below, as your first interview question. For each number written in place of some component of the ER-diagram, you will give the name that should be written in place of the number, by selecting the name from the drop-down list provided next to the number.   Assume that empty space is never the correct answer.

NOTE: There exists exactly one reasonable way to assign the names to the numbers.  However, limited variations occur within this one construction, such that in some places several correct permutations of a small set of names are possible.  In every such case, you are required to select that permutation which pairs the smallest number with the lexicographically first qualifying name.   (Observe that your drop-down list is already sorted in the lexicographic order.)   For example, if you have three ovals, numbered 50, 56, and 73, and three attributes: weight, height, and length, which ought to occupy these three numbered ovals, then you must assign height to 50, length to 56, and weight to 73 (since numbers in increasing order: 50, 56, 73  must correspond to names in increasing alphabetic order: height, length, weight .)   This is the only order that will be recognized as correct and the only order for which you will receive credit.   This requirement indeed is clerical in its essence, and it was introduced to enable machine scoring by Blackboard.  However, once introduced, it becomes an actual requirement that applies to all answers, and exemptions will not be possible.  Advice: construct the answer before typing it in, and inspect your typing carefully.  

Narrative:  Magic Yogurt Makers make many kinds of yogurt and sell it to many happy customers. The Firm identifies each kind of yogurt by internal product identifier, and records the public name and public description under which that yogurt is sold, its price per unit (litre), the formula (recipe) for preparing it, a pointer to the legal documents with which the yogurt product complies, and a pointer to the nutritional declarations that accompany this yogurt. 

The Firm sells its yogurt in the form of yogurt dishes.  A yogurt dish is a container filled with the excellent fresh Firm's yogurt on the very farm where it was produced. The Firm is so meticulous that it identifies and stamps every single yogurt dish individually -- every yogurt dish has its own item identifier.  For each dish, the Firm needs to know which yogurt it contains, which container type holds it, at which farm it originates, and when it was filled (i.e., on which date (and time) the yogurt was filled and sealed into the container at the farm.) 

Containers come in different types, and the Firm keeps track of the type code of every filled container, along with the size, shape, and purchase price of a (empty) container of that type.  The price of the entire yogurt dish is calculated from the price of yogurt (per litre) and container size. 

Farms are identified by internal name.  For each farm, the Firm needs to know the GPS location of the farm,  number of cows living on the farm, and the total area of the grass pasture available to the cows. 

Once filled and sealed, a yogurt dish is placed into a larger container, called box, and box is loaded into a truck, for further transport. The firm identifies and tracks every box, and records the date (and time) when each individual dish is placed into its box.  Furthermore, the Firm needs to know to which truck each box was loaded and when it was loaded, and to which shop each box was delivered and when it was delivered. 

Trucks are identified by license plate and state code, and the Firm stores the capacity of each truck. 

Shops are identified by internal shop name, and the Firm needs to know the street address and zip code of every shop, and its phone numbers (if any).